 j]éphL¡d|¾]R£pOU BÄv]w~Ly¾]R£pOU oP¡¾}nLvoLeV Rzs¢ RWsærORa ^}v]fU. KÐq vpy]¤ W¹OU WLfOU jìoLp B ^}v]fU Bvw|¾]si]WU WLuV\pOU SWuVv]pOoOçvâSaf]Rj¨L¥ yL¡ÀWoLp]âÐO.
1887 ^P¦ 27 jV ASoq]¨p]Rs va¨Oka]´LrV AsmLop]¤ ayVWUm]p IÐ òs¾LeV Rzs¢ RWsæ¡ ^j]\ÿfV. 19 oLyU NkLpoLpSÕL¥ A³LfSqLYU mLi]\ÿ Rzs¢ ^}v]f¾]Ss¨V f]q]\ÿOvÐfV WLuV\pOU SW¥v]pOo]sæLRfpLp]âÐO. BrV vpyOvRq v}ŸOWL¡¨OU Ap¤¨L¡¨OU hOôzpLp] Shx|¨Lq]pOU wLb|¨Lq]pOoLp RWL\ÿO Rzs¢ vt¡ÐO. fOa¡ÐV AsWõLº¡ NYzLU Rmsæ]R£ DkShwNkWLqU B¢ yç]vRj RzsR£ kq]\qeU J¤Õ]\ÿSfLRapLeV AvâRa oL¡YU wq]pLp h]wp]¤ j}°L¢ fOa°]pfV.
RRWRWLºV Aƒq°tOU vñO¨tOU f]q]\ÿr]pL¢ kb]Õ]¨OÐf]RjLÕU RzsR£ RkâoLãU jÐL¨]RpaO¨OW IÐ WaO¾ S^Ls] WPa] B¢ yç]vjV R\Sáº]p]âÐO. WaO¾ Shx|oLp]âÐO ksSÕLuOU RzsR£ Nkf]WqeU. Cf]Rj yç]v¢ w]ƒ]\ÿfV AvStLaV RRWW¥ DkSpLY]\ÿOç Bwpv]j]opU j]¡¾]v\ÿORWLºLp]âÐO.
Rzs¢ vtRq SvYU yç]vjOoLp] AaO¾O. vL¨OWtORa A¡ÀU ojy]sL¨]¾Oa°]. k]Ð}aV, WLuV\pOU SW¥v]pOU DçvRq¨L¥ SvY¾]¤ Av¥ yç]v¢ R\Lsæ]R¨LaO¾ kLb°¥ kb]\ÿO f}¡¨L¢ fOa°]. Nmp]¤ s]k]pOU yLiLqe s]k]pOU DkSpLY]\ÿOç RRakV RRrã]UYOU Av¡ y~Lp¾oL¨].
RRo¨¤ AjL®y]R£ SsXj°t]sPRa Rzs¢ RWsæ¡ Nkwñ]pL¡²]\ÿO fOa°]. Av¡ SxWVy×]p¡ WQf]W¥ vLp]¨OÐfOU RRakV R\áOÐfOoLpV \]Nf°¥ SsXj°StLRaLÕU A\ÿa]\ÿO vÐO. AÐR¾ ASoq]¨¢ Nky]c£V Wæv¡sL¢c]Rj RRvãV zTy]¤ R\ÐV yΡw]¨LjOU Av¡¨V AvyqU W]Ÿ].
ASÕLuOU RzsRj yUyLq]Õ]¨LjOç èo°¥ KRÐLÐLp] kqL^pRÕŸORWLº]âÐO. IÐL¤, oãOçv¡ yUyLq]¨OÐfV \OºOWt]sOU RfLºp]sOU RfLŸV ojy]sL¨L¢ Av¡¨V yLi]\ÿ]âÐO.
m]âhU SjaOÐ Bh| AÌmi]q v]h|L¡À]j]
1896¤ SWUNm]cV^V ØPt]¤ S\¡Ð Rzs¢ RWsæ¡ rLcVWæ]lV SWLt^]¤ NkSvwjU SjaOÐ Bh| AÌ&mi]q v]h|L¡À]j] IÐ òLjU 1900 ¤ y~ÍoL¨]. B WLsZŸ¾]sLeV Av¡ y~ÍU ^}v]fWg IuOf]¾Oa°]pfV. 1903 ¤ B Wg & IR£ ^}v]f¾]R£ Wg (h SðLr] KLlV RRo RRslV) & NkWLwjU R\pÅO.
m]âhU SjaOÐ Bh| AÌmi]q v]h|L¡À]j] IÐ khv]pOU 1904 ¤ Rzs¢ RWs桨V y~ÍoLp]. B¢ yç]vSjLaOU AvâRa n¡¾LvV S^L¦ B¤m¡ŸV Soy]SpLaORoL¾Oç ^}v]fWLs¾V SsLWR¾¨Or]\ÿOç WLuV\ÿÕLaOW¥WV Av¡ kOñWqPkU j¤W]. `L¢ ^}v]¨OÐ SsLWU (h Sv¥cV RI s]vV C¢) Bp]âÐO B kOñWU.
1909 ¤ SyLx|s]ðV kL¡Ÿ] KLlV oyL\ÿORyãõ]¤ AUYoLp Av¡ 1913 ¤ oPÐLoR¾ kOñWU, CâŸ]¤j]ÐV kOrS¾¨V (KTŸV KLlV h cL¡WV) kOr¾]r¨].
SsLWkq|ajU
RzsR£pOU Bj] yç]vR£pOU k]Ð}aOç ^}v]fU SsLWkq|aj¾]S£fLp]âÐO. AjOnv°tOU v]w~Ly°tOU yç]vR£ yzLpS¾LRa Av¡ SsLW^jfàV kr´ORWLaO¾O. WPŸ¾]¤ RzsR£ ^}v]fU Rcs]vr¢yV IÐ Skq]¤ SzLt]vOcV \s\ÿ]NfoLp].
Rzs¢ sWV\rOWt]¤j]ÐOU S\LSh|L¾q kq]kLa]Wt]¤j]ÐOU yÒLh]¨OÐ keU AÌRq yzLp]¨OÐf]jOSvº]pLeV R\svu]\ÿfV. 1922 ¤ B¢ yç]v¢ SqLYmLi]fpLpSfLRa RzsR£ yUnLxe°¥ v]wh}Wq]¨OÐ S^Ls] SkLt] SfLUy¦ JRãaO¾O. AÌRq yzLp]¨OÐf]jV keU yÒLh]¨LjOç SsLW kq|ajU Av¡ fOa¡ÐO. 1936 ¤ B¢ yç]v¢ oq]\ÿO.
qºLU SsLWpOȾ]jO SwxU BSYLt AÌ¡¨OSvº]pOç ASoq]¨¢ lTSºxjOSvº] keU y~qPk]¨LjLp] RzsR£pOU SkLt]pORapOU pLNfW¥. Cf]j]Ra v}Ÿ]sOºLp A®]mLip]¤ B¢ yç]vRj¨Or]\ÿV Rzs¢ RWsæ¡ IuOf]RWLº]âÐ kOñWU, a}\ÿ¡, jLoLvSwxoLp]. v}ºOU CRfuOfLjLqUn]\ÿ Rzs¢ 1957 ¤ AfV kP¡¾]pL¨].
Roc¤ KLlV Nl}cU
SkLt]pOU SqLYNYñpLpSfLRa RzsR£ kq]\qeU v]Ð] SWL¡mLs] JRãaO¾O. 1961 ¤ kƒLZLf°tORa kqÒqp]Rs Bh|S¾f]Rj¾Oa¡ÐV Rzs¢ RWsæ¡ RkLfO ^}v]f¾]¤j]ÐV v]qo]\ÿO. 1964 ¤ ASoq]¨p]Rs JãvOU vs]p y]v]s]p¢ mzOof]pLp Roc¤ KLlV Nl}cU j¤W] Nky]c£V s]¢cõ¦ S^L¦y¦ AvRq Bhq]\ÿO. Kâ v¡x¾]jO SwxU v]o¢'yV SzL¥ KLlV Rlp]o]Ss¨V Av¡ RfqR´aO¨RÕŸO.
1968 ^P¦ KÐ]jV y~vyf]pæV yoLiLjkP¡¹oLp] B yL¡ÀW ^}v]fU AvyLj]\ÿO. AvâRa \]fLnyÜU vLx]UYVa¦ c].y]p]Rs jLxe¤ W¾}Ncs]¤ yPƒ]\ÿ]q]¨OÐO. B nyÜWswvOU Av¡ RNmp]s]¤ IuOf]p Aƒq°tOU yסw]\ÿOSjL¨L¢ j]qvi] yµLq]W¥ h]vSyj W¾}Nc¤ yΡw]¨OÐO.
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